Sunday, 1 April 2012

Jinguashi and Jiufen


Jinguashi (金瓜石) and Jiufen (九份) are famous old goldmining towns up on the north-east coast of Taiwan.  The story goes that when they were building a railway bridge across the river in nearby Ruifang, one of the labourers had worked on the goldfields in California and Australia and noticed the alluvial gold in the river, leading to a local goldrush.

The goldfields were exploited on an industrial scale by the Japanese during the occupation, and most of the goldmining infrastructure in Jinguashi seems to be Japanese-era.  Allied prisoners of war were held in the surrounding area during the war, and worked in the goldmines.

The mines are essentially exhausted these days, although there are apparently always flickers of interest from foreign mining companies looking to employ modern high-tech mining methods to make the remaining gold deposits economic again.  When the existing mineshafts were abandoned, tailings were thrown down the shafts, leading to contamination of the ocean off Jinguashi as run-off flows through the mines and leaches out all sorts of frightening heavy metals.  Bizarrely, the phenomenon, an environmental catastrophe, is something of a tourist attraction and has been given the name "Yin-yang sea" (陰陽海) for the way the different coloured waters flow together.  I have sat on the beach at Jinguashi and watched a fisherman standing out in the middle of the Yin-yang Sea fishing - hopefully it was catching them and kissing them and throwing them back - but I imagine (Taiwanese being Taiwanese) the fish were headed for a kitchen table, complete with a dose of mercury, arsenic and lead.  I've included a link to the satellite photo of the Yin-yang Sea here.  The satellite photo doesn't really do it justice, but you can get a sense of the amount of contamination that must be flowing down into the ocean every day.

Jiufen is a nearby hillside town that is most famous for having been the location for the movie "City of Sadness" (悲情城市), set just after the Second World War and the end of the Japanese occupation.  Jiufen was fading away after the mines shut down, but then after it featured in City of Sadness it became famous, and tourists flocked in to lap-up the town's old-world charm. 

The name Jiufen is interesting - so many Taiwanese placenames hark back to the way in which the land was originally settled by the early settlers from the mainland.  "Jiufen" means literally "nine shares", and is a reference to the site having originally been claimed and settled by nine families who split the land between them.

We caught a bus from Taipei and enjoyed the bus trip up towards the sea, then cutting inland behind the range of mountains on coast.  We stayed on the bus past Jiufen and got off at Jinguashi, then walked down the hill to the Gold Mining Museum.  Inside the museum we went on a tour of a restored Japanese-era building that would have been accommodation for the family of one of the Japanese senior officials during the Japanese-era, and later accommodation for the family of a Chinese senior manager after the end of the occupation.  Different parts of the building had been restored to reflect different periods of use.

From there we wandered through the grounds of another building that was built specifically to house the Japanese Crown Prince when he came for a visit.  The whole area is fairly god-forsaken at the best of times - being so exposed to the ocean, the climate would be consistently damp and cold and windy, and then during the period when the mine was working it must have been fairly grimy, so it's interesting that the Crown Prince would choose to spend enough time here to justify building a new house specifically for him.  The grounds have a mini-golf course and an archery range - again built specifically for the Crown Prince.

Next we visited a mineshaft that has been kept open and restored for visitors.  When we paid for admission they gave us our tickets and strange blue cloth caps, which had us completely bemused until we realised that we had to wear safety helmets in the minshaft, and the caps were helmet-liners either to prevent us from catching helmet-cooties or to prevent us from spreading our helment-cooties.  The mineshaft was interesting, with displays of work-scenes using mannequins and original equipment.  The displays included blasting and the security-check for the miners at the end of their shift, to make sure they weren't smuggling-out any gold.

 From there we climbed up the hill to the ruins of an old Shinto temple.  You can imagine that gold mining would have been a dangerous occupation, and in the face of that danger the temple would have been important to the Japanese working around the mines.  Presumably the locals would have had their own temples in the town.  It's difficult to get a sense of what the temple must have looked like when it was built - I am guessing it had a lot of wood in the construction, and this has all rotted-away, leaving only the stone pillars.

By the time we had come down from the temple the museum had closed, so we found a bus and headed back to Jiufen with a group of workers from the museum. We'll have to go back to see the memorial to Allied prisoners of war another time.

Jiufen is wonderful in a higgledy-piggledy sort of way.  The main street is narrow and winds up and down the hillside, lined with all sorts of shops, restaurants and cafes.  With all the tourist traffic since City of Sadness it has become fairly commercialised, but it still has bucket-loads of character.  At the end of the main street we stopped and looked out over the coast towards Jilong / Keelung.  All the streets on that side of Jiufen were an enormous expanse of flashing lights - all flashing in the same rhythm but out of sequence - I've put a short video of it here.  It was an impressive effect - we must get our local government to organise something similar with the street lights around here.  I suppose it gets fairly tedious if you live in the area and have flashing lights outside your bedroom window every night.



The kitchen in a restored Japanese-era house in Jinguashi (金瓜石).  Different parts of the house had been restored to reflect different eras of usage and occupation.





The dining room, restored to reflect the era when it would have been occupied by the family of Japanese senior employees of the mine.

A sitting room, also restored to reflect the Japanese era.

This house was built for a visit by the Japanese Crown Prince.

I think this is Jilong Shan (基隆山) in the background, to the north-west of Jinguashi.

The gardens of the residence built for the visit of the Japanese Crown Prince.

Part of the residence built for the visit of the Japanese Crown Prince.

This is actually a mini-golf course, specially built for the visit of the Japanese Crown Prince.  Apparently concrete was a relatively new and expensive material at that time, and so was regarded as somewhat exotic and prestigous.

The archery range of the residence built for the visit of the Japanese Crown Prince.

Part of the gardens of the residence built for the visit of the Japanese Crown Prince.

A gate on one of the Japanese-style residences at Jinguashi (金瓜石).

Tracks from the mine railway at Jinguashi (金瓜石).

A foreigh tourist wearing a hat-liner to prevent transmission of headlice to other tourists borrowing helmets to visit the goldmine at Jinguashi (金瓜石).

One of the old mine rail wagons at Jinguashi.

The entrance to one of the old mines at Jingushi.

A foreign tourist wearing a helmet before entering the mine shaft.  The character in the background is "jin", the word for "gold".

Inside the gold mine.

There displays inside the mine with mannequins to illustrate the typical goldmining tasks.  I think this one was about using explosives to clear rock.


A foreign tourist with her helmet at what can be described as a jaunty angle.

A view from above Jinguashi, looking back down into the town, and north towards the ocean, with Jilong Mountain (Keelung Mountain / 雞籠山) to the left.  "Jilong" means "chicken cage" - one possible explanation for the origin of the name of the nearby city of Jilong / Keelung is that it is named after this mountain, which was named for its similarity tot he shape of a traditional bamboo chicken cage.  Keelung City has retained the sounds of its name, but changed the characters to something more auspicious than "Chicken Cage City".  This seems to have been quite a common phenomenon in Taiwan - the original frontier culture under early Chinese settlement was very earthy, and they had placenames like "Beat the Dog" (the actual original name for Gaoxiong / Kaohsiung - " 打狗" or "Takao").  During the Japanese occupation, their refined sensibilities were somewhat offended by these sorts of names, and they would officially change the place names, often to similar-sounding names with more auspicious meanings. 

An archway on the staircase upto the old Shinto temple above Jinguashi.

The ruins of the old Shinto temple above Jinguashi.

The ruins of the old Shinto temple above Jinguashi.

The ruins of the old Shinto temple above Jinguashi.

Looking north-east from the ruins of the old Shinto temple above Jinguashi.

Looking north-east from the old Shinto temple above Jinguashi, giving a good indication of the typical terrain along this part ot the coast.

Coins inside a stone lantern at the old Shinto temple above Jinguashi.

A foreign tourist walking along the mine railway line at Jinguashi.

A foreign tourist walking along the mine railway line at Jinguashi

Descending the stairway from the old Shinto temple above Jinguashi.


Looking back up to the old Shinto temple above Jinguashi.  The Japanese must have put an enormous amount of effort into building up the foudnation on the steep hillside.


One of the old Japanese-era buildings in Jinguashi.  The buildings are wooden-framed, and must suffer badly from termite infestation and damp over the years.

One of the Japanese-era buildings that has been restored. 

The shops lining the main street of Jiufen (九份).

A typical narrow alleyway in Jiufen.

The main street of Jiufen.

The main street of Jiufen.

Jiufen.

The main street of Jiufen.

The view looking west along the coast from Jiufen.  The glow on the horizon will be the lights of Jilung / Keelung.

Jiufen.

Jiufen.

Jiufen.

An excited foreign tourist on the bus on the way from Jiufen back to Jilung / Keelung.


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